记录一下，接了一个python2 django1.x的项目，很老了导致很多扩展无法安装

os version：macos catalina python version: 2.7.18

而django后端使用sqllite以外需要对应客户端引擎，而安装时编译依赖C客户端即实际mysql组件。

使用的数据库后端。 内建的数据库后端有：

‘django.db.backends.postgresql’ ‘django.db.backends.mysql’ ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3’ ‘django.db.backends.oracle’

并且修改配置实例

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DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'USER': 'mydatabaseuser',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
        'TEST': {
            'NAME': 'mytestdatabase',
        },
    },
}

brew unlink mysql

error: command ‘gcc’ failed with exit status 1

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  creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-2.7
  gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -arch x86_64 -g -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Dversion_info=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o
  gcc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch x86_64 -g build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o -L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/lib -lmysqlclient -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.so
  ld: library not found for -lssl
  clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

解决方法：

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# Required for mysqlclient, see brew info openssl
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

pip install MySQL-python

Reference：not-found-for-lssl

windows安装

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pip install mysqlclient-1.3.12-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl

Reference https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

ubuntu安装

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apt-get install libmysqld-dev
pip install MySQL-python

my_config.h file not found

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creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-2.7
    gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -arch x86_64 -g -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Dversion_info=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.23_1/include/mysql -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o
    _mysql.c:44:10: fatal error: 'my_config.h' file not found
    #include "my_config.h"
             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
    1 error generated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

解决：网上找了很多版本均无法解决，最后发现实际上与linux处理思路是一样的。

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brew install mysql # 可以加版本 如 brew install mysq@5.7
brew unlink mysql
brew install mysql-connector-c  # 这个是客户端
ln -snvf /usr/local/Cellar/mysql\@5.7/5.7.32/bin/mysql_config  /usr/local/bin/ # 做个软连接，位置可能不一致
sed -i -e 's/libs="$libs -l "/libs="$libs -lmysqlclient -lssl -lcrypto"/g' /usr/local/bin/mysql_config

pip install MySQL-python

sh: mysql_config: command not found

sh: mysql_config: command not found 这个与上面类似，可以看到也是在PATH中找mysql_config